This will be the largest election the world has seen, with 900 million people eligible to vote—bigger than the population of Europe and Australia combined. The massive electoral exercise will be conducted in seven phases from 11 April to 19 May 2019 at 1 million polling stations. Votes will be counted on 23 May and results will be declared on the same day.
Parliamentary democracy is the central political mechanism governing India. The nation-wide general election returns representatives of the people to the Lok Sabha (House of the People in the Union) every five years, a system that has been the pillar of the Indian democratic regime.
Conducted at various levels of its federal structure, elections form the essence of Indian democracy. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) consists of 545 members, of which 543 are elected directly by the people from constituencies on the basis of the single-member electorate system, and the President selects the remaining two membersfrom the Anglo-Indian community.
Free and fair elections require: (1) an independent electoral management body to conduct elections; (2) a set of rules governing electoral conduct; and (3) an effective electoral dispute resolution mechanism. The Indian constitution provides all three. Article 324 establishes an independent election commission; Article 327 empowers Parliament to enact laws governing all aspects of elections; and Article 329 provides a mechanism for resolving electoral disputes through review by an independent judiciary.
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